Everything about the Wilcox Rebellions totally explained
The
Wilcox Rebellions were two revolts led by
Robert William Wilcox against the government of
Hawaii in 1889 and 1895, respectively.
In 1887, in response to increased political tension between the legislature and the king, a group of government ministers led by
Interior Minister Lorrin A. Thurston with the support of an armed
militia, forced
King David Kalākaua to promulgate the
1887 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii. The
constitution stripped Asians of their voting rights while at the same time limited suffrage to wealthy
native Hawaiians, Americans and other Europeans. The king's own powers were limited substantially. A native Hawaiian officer and veteran of the
Italian military,
Robert William Wilcox, organized a
rebellion on
July 30 1889 to revive the powers of the monarch over administration. The rebellion was thwarted by the absence of the King at Iolani Palace (who was needed to promulgate a new constitution), and the Honolulu Rifles. Wilcox was tried for
treason, and acquitted despite his obvious guilt.
Wilcox participated in a second rebellion in 1895 to overthrow the Republic of Hawaii and return
Queen Lili‘uokalani to the throne. The rebels planned to attack government buildings in
downtown Honolulu at night, but were quickly routed by government troops. Wilcox himself was in hiding for several days after the rout before capture. Armaments were landed on the beaches of
O‘ahu. Wilcox was tried for treason once more. This time Wilcox was found guilty and sentenced to death. However, the President of Hawaii,
Sanford B. Dole, pardoned Wilcox.
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